Authors:	Weusmann, Jens Deschner, James Keppler, Christopher Imber, Jean-Claude Cores Ziskoven, Pablo Schumann, Sven
Title:	The working angle in low-abrasive air polishing has an influence on gingival damage : an ex vivo porcine model
Online publication date:	3-Jan-2024
Year of first publication:	2023
Language:	english
Abstract:	Objectives To investigate the influence of instrumentation angle during low-abrasive air polishing (LAA) on the oral gingiva using an ex vivo porcine model. Material and methods Six tissue samples from each of 14 porcine mandibles were randomly selected and instrumented. Two different LAA powders (glycine 25 μm, tagatose 15 μm) were investigated. An application angle of either 30–60° or 90° was selected. Gingival specimens from different mandibles served as untreated references. Gingival biopsies were examined by scanning electron microscopy and paraffin histology for tissue destruction using a five-level scale. Results LAA caused significantly less tissue damage at a 90° angle than at a 30–60° angle. This effect was seen in both the glycine-based powder arms (p = 0.002, p = 0.046) and the tagatose-based powder arms (p = 0.003, p = 0.011). However, at identical working angles, the two powders did not show significant differences in terms of gingival erosion (p = 0.79 and p = 0.57; p = 0.91 and p = 0.78, respectively). Conclusions LAA may cause less tissue damage at an application angle of 90°. Consequently, it seems advisable to air-polish the soft tissue as perpendicularly as possible. Additionally, glycine and tagatose LAA powders do not seem to differ in concern of soft tissue damage. Clinical relevance Within the limitations of this ex vivo animal model, this study argues for an application that is as close as possible to the 90° angle intending to minimize soft tissue damage. Manufacturer specifications, however, mainly request applications deviating from the right angle. In order to work in interdental areas using LAA safely, the use of subgingival nozzles might be considered.
DDC:	610 Medizin 610 Medical sciences
Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Department:	FB 04 Medizin
Place:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-9839
Version:	Published version
Publication type:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
License:	CC BY
Information on rights of use:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Journal:	Clinical oral investigations 27
Pages or article number:	6199 6207
Publisher:	Springer
Publisher place:	Berlin u.a.
Issue date:	2023
ISSN:	1436-3771
Publisher DOI:	10.1007/s00784-023-05236-3
Appears in collections:	DFG-491381577-H