Authors:	Castro, Jonathan M. Feisel, Yves
Title:	Eruption of ultralow-viscosity basanite magma at Cumbre Vieja, La Palma, Canary Islands
Online publication date:	31-Oct-2022
Year of first publication:	2022
Language:	english
Abstract:	The viscosity of magma exerts control on all aspects of its migration through the crust to eruption. This was particularly true for the 2021 eruption of Cumbre Vieja (La Palma), which produced exceptionally fast and fluid lava at high discharge rates. We have performed concentric cylinder experiments to determine the effective viscosities of the Cumbre Vieja magma, while accounting for its chemistry, crystallinity, and temperature. Here we show that this event produced a nepheline-normative basanite with the lowest viscosity of historical basaltic eruptions, exhibiting values of less than 10 to about 160 Pa s within eruption tem peratures of ~1200 to ~1150 °C. The magma’s low viscosity was responsible for many eruptive phenomena that lead to particularly impactful events, including high-Reynolds number tur bulent flow and supercritical states. Increases in viscosity due to crystallization-induced melt differentiation were subdued in this eruption, due in part to subtle degrees of silica enrich ment in alkaline magma.
DDC:	550 Geowissenschaften 550 Earth sciences
Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Department:	FB 09 Chemie, Pharmazie u. Geowissensch.
Place:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-8166
Version:	Published version
Publication type:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Document type specification:	Scientific article
License:	CC BY
Information on rights of use:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Journal:	Nature Communications 13
Pages or article number:	3174
Publisher:	Springer Nature
Publisher place:	London
Issue date:	2022
ISSN:	2041-1723
Publisher DOI:	10.1038/s41467-022-30905-4
Appears in collections:	DFG-491381577-G