Authors:	Pathania, Yashdeep Singh Apalla, Zoe Salerni, Gabriel Patil, Anant Grabbe, Stephan Goldust, Mohamad
Title:	Non-invasive diagnostic techniques in pigmentary skin disorders and skin cancer
Online publication date:	6-Sep-2022
Year of first publication:	2022
Language:	english
Abstract:	Background Diagnosis of pigmentary skin disorders, pre-cancerous and cancerous skin diseases is traditionally relied on visual assessment. The most widely applied invasive diagnostic technique is the skin biopsy. There have been significant technological advances in non-invasive diagnostic methods for skin disorders. Objective The objective of this article is to discuss different non-invasive diagnostic modalities, used in the diagnosis of pigmentary skin disorders and cutaneous cancers. Methods Comprehensive literature search was performed to screen articles related to non-invasive diagnostic techniques in pigmentary skin disorders and cutaneous cancers. Articles published in journals indexed in PubMed were searched along with those in Google Scholar. Clinical trials, review articles, case series, case reports and other relevant articles were considered for review. References of relevant articles were also considered for review. Results Dermoscopy and ultrasonography were the only non-invasive diagnostic and imaging techniques available to dermatologists for many years. The advent of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) augmented the visualization of deeper structures. Confocal laser microscopy (CLM) and reflectance spectrophotometers have showed promising results in the non-invasive detection of pigmented lesions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), multispectral imaging, high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) and adhesive patch biopsy aid in the accurate diagnosis of benign, as well as neoplastic skin diseases. Conclusion There have been significant advancements in non-invasive methods for diagnosis of dermatological diseases. These techniques can be repeatedly used in a comfort manner for the patient, and may offer an objective way to follow the course of a disease.
DDC:	610 Medizin 610 Medical sciences
Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Department:	FB 04 Medizin
Place:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7682
Version:	Published version
Publication type:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
License:	CC BY-NC
Information on rights of use:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Journal:	Journal of cosmetic dermatology 21 2
Pages or article number:	444 450
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
Publisher place:	Oxford
Issue date:	2022
ISSN:	1473-2165
Publisher DOI:	10.1111/jocd.14547
Appears in collections:	JGU-Publikationen