Authors:	Todorov, Hristo Kollar, Bettina Bayer, Franziska Brandão, Inês Mann, Amrit Mohr, Julia Pontarollo, Giulia Formes, Henning Stauber, Roland Kittner, Jens M. Endres, Kristina Watzer, Bernhard Nockher, Wolfgang Andreas Sommer, Felix Gerber, Susanne Reinhardt, Christoph
Title:	α-linolenic acid-rich diet influences microbiota composition and villus morphology of the mouse small intestine
Online publication date:	27-Aug-2020
Year of first publication:	2020
Language:	english
Abstract:	α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, the influence of an ALA-rich diet on intestinal microbiota composition and its impact on small intestine morphology are not fully understood. In the current study, we kept adult C57BL/6J mice for 4 weeks on an ALA-rich or control diet. Characterization of the microbial composition of the small intestine revealed that the ALA diet was associated with an enrichment in Prevotella and Parabacteroides. In contrast, taxa belonging to the Firmicutes phylum, including Lactobacillus, Clostridium cluster XIVa, Lachnospiraceae and Streptococcus, had significantly lower abundance compared to control diet. Metagenome prediction indicated an enrichment in functional pathways such as bacterial secretion system in the ALA group, whereas the two-component system and ALA metabolism pathways were downregulated. We also observed increased levels of ALA and its metabolites eicosapentanoic and docosahexanoic acid, but reduced levels of arachidonic acid in the intestinal tissue of ALA-fed mice. Furthermore, intestinal morphology in the ALA group was characterized by elongated villus structures with increased counts of epithelial cells and reduced epithelial proliferation rate. Interestingly, the ALA diet reduced relative goblet and Paneth cell counts. Of note, high-fat Western-type diet feeding resulted in a comparable adaptation of the small intestine. Collectively, our study demonstrates the impact of ALA on the gut microbiome and reveals the nutritional regulation of gut morphology. Keywords: α-linolenic acid; microbiota; epithelial renewal; goblet cells; paneth cells; villus morphology
DDC:	610 Medizin 610 Medical sciences
Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Department:	FB 04 Medizin
Place:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-5089
Version:	Published version
Publication type:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Document type specification:	Scientific article
License:	CC BY
Information on rights of use:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Journal:	Nutrients 12 3
Pages or article number:	732
Publisher:	MDPI
Publisher place:	Basel
Issue date:	2020
ISSN:	2072-6643
Publisher URL:	https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030732
Publisher DOI:	10.3390/nu12030732
Appears in collections:	JGU-Publikationen