Biomechanical analysis of the human derived soft tissue graft Epiflex for use in oral soft tissue augmentation
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Abstract
Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical properties, cell migration, and revascularization of the acellular dermal matrix Epiflex. As a decellularized, freeze–dried human skin graft, Epiflex has broad applications in medical fields, particularly in implantology and dentistry. Understanding its biomechanical characteristics is crucial for its clinical adoption as a novel soft tissue graft option.
Methods:
Epiflex (n = 3) was evaluated in comparison to palatal tissue from body donors (n = 3). Key metrics, such as elongation and tear resistance, were quantified. Both graft types underwent histological analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the healing properties of Epiflex were assessed using a Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay.
Results:
Biomechanically, Epiflex (mean = 116.01 N) demonstrated the ability to withstand greater forces (p = 0.013) than human palatal tissue (mean = 12.58 N). When comparing the elongation, no significant difference was measured (ASG mean = 9.93 mm, EF mean = 9.7 mm). Histologically, Epiflex exhibited a loosely connected network of collagen fibers with a dense upper layer. The CAM Assay indicated efficient revascularization.
Conclusion:
Epiflex appears to be a viable option for soft tissue augmentation, particularly appealing to patient groups who avoid all or specific animal-derived products due to ethical or religious reasons.
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International journal of implant dentistry, 10, Springer, Berlin ; Heidelberg, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-024-00534-1