Authors:	Heimes, Diana Becker, Philipp Pabst, Andreas Smeets, Ralf Kraus, Annika Hartmann, Amely Sagheb, Keyvan Kämmerer, Peer W.
Title:	How does dental implant macrogeometry afect primary implant stability? : A narrative review
Online publication date:	13-Feb-2024
Year of first publication:	2023
Language:	english
Abstract:	Purpose The macrogeometry of a dental implant plays a decisive role in its primary stability. A larger diameter, a conical shape, and a roughened surface increase the contact area of the implant with the surrounding bone and thus improve primary stability. This is considered the basis for successful implant osseointegration that diferent factors, such as implant design, can infuence. This narrative review aims to critically review macro-geometric features afect ing the primary stability of dental implants. Methods For this review, a comprehensive literature search and review of relevant studies was conducted based on formulating a research question, searching the literature using keywords and electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to search for relevant studies. These studies were screened and selected, the study quality was assessed, data were extracted, the results were summarized, and conclusions were drawn. Results The macrogeometry of a dental implant includes its surface characteristics, size, and shape, all of which play a critical role in its primary stability. At the time of placement, the initial stability of an implant is determined by its contact area with the surrounding bone. Larger diameter and a conical shape of an implant result in a larger contact area and better primary stability. But the linear relationship between implant length and primary stability ends at 12 mm. Conclusions Several factors must be considered when choosing the ideal implant geometry, including local factors such as the condition of the bone and soft tissues at the implant site and systemic and patient-specifc factors such as osteoporosis, diabetes, or autoimmune diseases. These factors can afect the success of the implant procedure and the long-term stability of an implant. By considering these factors, the surgeon can ensure the greatest possible therapeutic success and minimize the risk of implant failure.
DDC:	610 Medizin 610 Medical sciences
Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Department:	FB 04 Medizin
Place:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-10013
Version:	Published version
Publication type:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Document type specification:	Scientific article
License:	CC BY
Information on rights of use:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Journal:	International journal of implant dentistry 9
Pages or article number:	20
Publisher:	Springer
Publisher place:	Berlin
Issue date:	2023
ISSN:	2198-4034
Publisher DOI:	10.1186/s40729-023-00485-z
Appears in collections:	DFG-491381577-G