GTP hydrolysis by Synechocystis IM30 does not decisively affect its membrane remodeling activity

Abstract

The function of IM30 (also known as Vipp1) is linked to protection and/or remodeling of the thylakoid membrane system in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. Recently, it has been revealed that the Arabidopsis IM30 protein exhibits GTP hydrolyzing activity in vitro, which was unexpected, as IM30 does not show any classical GTPase features. In the present study, we addressed the question, whether an apparent GTPase activity is conserved in IM30 proteins and can also be observed for IM30 of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We show that Synechocystis IM30 is indeed able to bind and hydrolyze GTP followed by the release of Pi. Yet, the apparent GTPase activity of Synechocystis IM30 does not depend on Mg2+, which, together with the lack of classical GTPase features, renders IM30 an atypical GTPase. To elucidate the impact of this cryptic GTPase activity on the membrane remodeling activity of IM30, we tested whether GTP hydrolysis influences IM30 membrane binding and/or IM30-mediated membrane fusion. We show that membrane remodeling by Synechocystis IM30 is slightly affected by nucleotides. Yet, despite IM30 clearly catalyzing GTP hydrolysis, this does not seem to be vital for its membrane remodeling function.