Autoren:	Ghanati, Hadi Abbaszadeh Letafatkar, Amir Shojaedin, Sadredin Hadadnezhad, Malihe Schöllhorn, Wolfgang I.
Titel:	Comparing the effects of differential learning, self-controlled feedback, and external focus of attention training on biomechanical risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in ahletes : a randomized controlled trial
Online-Publikationsdatum:	7-Nov-2022
Erscheinungsdatum:	2022
Sprache des Dokuments:	Englisch
Zusammenfassung/Abstract:	The current study aimed to compare the possible effects of differential learning strategy, self-controlled feedback, and external focus of attention on kinetic and kinematic risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in athletes. Forty-eight male athletes from three sports of handball, volleyball and basketball were selected for this study and were randomly divided into four groups: differential learning (n = 12), self-control feedback (n = 12), external focus (n = 12), and control (n = 12) group. All groups followed the intervention for eight weeks with three sessions per week. Data were analyzed by means of 4 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA followed by post hoc comparison (Bonferroni) at the significance level of p ≤ 0.05. A significant group × time interaction and the main effect of time was found for most kinetic and kinematic variables. The main effect of the group was significant only at the knee abduction angle. Differential learning and external focus of attention methods positively reduced the kinetic and kinematic variables that are considered risk factors for ACL injury. However, the effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for the changes in most of the variables were larger for the differential learning group. Tailoring the boundary conditions that are based on the manipulations created in the exercise through variability and variety of movements associated with differential learning methods rather than repeating movements could reduce the risk of ACL injury.
DDC-Sachgruppe:	796 Sport 796 Athletic and outdoor sports and games
Veröffentlichende Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Organisationseinheit:	FB 02 Sozialwiss., Medien u. Sport
Veröffentlichungsort:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-8107
Version:	Published version
Publikationstyp:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Weitere Angaben zur Dokumentart:	Scientific article
Nutzungsrechte:	CC BY
Informationen zu den Nutzungsrechten:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Zeitschrift:	International journal of environmental research and public health 19 16
Seitenzahl oder Artikelnummer:	10052
Verlag:	MDPI
Verlagsort:	Basel
Erscheinungsdatum:	2022
ISSN:	1660-4601
DOI der Originalveröffentlichung:	10.3390/ijerph191610052
Enthalten in den Sammlungen:	DFG-491381577-G