Autoren:	Wejbera, Martin Wölfling, Klaus Dreier, Michael Michal, Matthias Brähler, Elmar Wiltink, Jörg Schulz, Andreas Wild, Philipp S. Münzel, Thomas König, Jochem Lackner, Karl Pfeiffer, Norbert Beutel, Manfred E.
Titel:	Risk factors, physical and mental health burden of male and female pathological gamblers in the German general population aged 40–80
Online-Publikationsdatum:	20-Sep-2021
Erscheinungsdatum:	2021
Sprache des Dokuments:	Englisch
Zusammenfassung/Abstract:	BACKGROUND Gambling Disorder (GD) has been associated with considerable mental and physical health risks in clinical samples. The paper determines risk factors, mental and physical health burden of probable GD for both men and women in the general population. METHODS In the Gutenberg Health Study, a population-based sample of N = 11,875 aged 40–80 years was analyzed regarding lifetime probable GD prevalence (measured with the Lie/ Bet Questionnaire) and a wide array of health variables including standardized measures of depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. RESULTS Probable GD lifetime prevalence was 2.1%, with higher rates among 1st generation migrants (5.5%; vs. non-migrants 1.6%), men (3.0%; vs. women 1.2%), and the sample’s youngest age decade (40–49 y., 3.1%). Lifetime probable GD was associated with current work-related, family and financial stressors as well as unhealthy behavior (smoking, extended screen time), and lifetime legal offenses. In men, but not in women, increased rates of imprisonment, mental and somatic symptoms were found. CONCLUSIONS GD is a major public health problem with serious social, mental and physical health burden. Epidemiological findings underscore the preponderance of GD among 1st generation migrants and men. Findings are consistent with a vicious cycle of family, work related and financial stress factors, and mental and physical burden, particularly in men. Demographic risk factors may help to target specific prevention and treatment efforts.
DDC-Sachgruppe:	610 Medizin 610 Medical sciences
Veröffentlichende Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Organisationseinheit:	FB 04 Medizin
Veröffentlichungsort:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-6350
Version:	Published version
Publikationstyp:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Nutzungsrechte:	CC BY
Informationen zu den Nutzungsrechten:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Zeitschrift:	BMC psychiatry 21
Seitenzahl oder Artikelnummer:	123
Verlag:	BioMed Central
Verlagsort:	London
Erscheinungsdatum:	2021
ISSN:	1471-244X
URL der Originalveröffentlichung:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03110-8
DOI der Originalveröffentlichung:	10.1186/s12888-021-03110-8
Enthalten in den Sammlungen:	JGU-Publikationen