Authors:	Reiner, Iris Tibubos, Ana N. Werner, Antonia M. Ernst, Mareike Brähler, Elmar Wiltink, Jörg Michal, Matthias Schulz, Andreas Wild, Philipp S. Münzel, Thomas Arnold, Natalie Mahmoudpour, Seyed Hamidreza Lackner, Karl J. Pfeiffer, Norbert Beutel, Manfred E.
Title:	The association of chronic anxiousness with cardiovascular disease and mortality in the community : results from the Gutenberg Health Study
Online publication date:	18-Dec-2020
Year of first publication:	2020
Language:	english
Abstract:	In a large German community sample of adults, we investigated the association of chronic anxiousness with cardiovascular disease and mortality. Self-reported anxiousness from 11,643 German adults between 40 and 80 years of age from the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) was analyzed over 5 years. Multivariable regression modeling assessed the relation between the variables, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Twelve percent of the participants reported consistently raised (chronic) anxiousness over at least 2.5 years. Anxiousness was more often reported by female, younger participants with a lower socioeconomic status, smokers and those with a family history of stroke and myocardial infarction. New onset of cardiovascular disease was linked to chronic anxiousness in men and new onset of anxiousness in women. However, chronic anxiousness did not predict all-cause mortality. Our results revealed that anxiousness is highly prevalent in German adults from middle to old age, affecting women in particular. In our study, we found sex-specific associations between new onset of cardiovascular disease and different forms of anxiousness in men and women. We suggest that even subclinical levels of anxiety need to be considered as cardiovascular risk factors. To elucidate potential harm of anxiousness for mental and physical health, we propose sex-specific analyses in further research studies, taking age and the course of anxiousness into account.
DDC:	610 Medizin 610 Medical sciences
Institution:	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Department:	FB 04 Medizin
Place:	Mainz
ROR:	https://ror.org/023b0x485
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-5506
Version:	Published version
Publication type:	Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Document type specification:	Scientific article
License:	CC BY
Information on rights of use:	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Journal:	Scientific Reports 10
Pages or article number:	12436
Publisher:	Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Publisher place:	London
Issue date:	2020
ISSN:	2045-2322
Publisher URL:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69427-8
Publisher DOI:	10.1038/s41598-020-69427-8
Appears in collections:	JGU-Publikationen