Gutenberg Open Science: The serine/threonine kinase 33 is present and expressed in palaeognath birds but has become a unitary pseudogene in neognaths about 100 million years ago

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7377

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DC Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Lautwein, Tobias	-
dc.contributor.author	Lerch, Steffen	-
dc.contributor.author	Schäfer, Daniel	-
dc.contributor.author	Schmidt, Erwin Robert	-
dc.date.accessioned	2022-07-12T09:01:56Z	-
dc.date.available	2022-07-12T09:01:56Z	-
dc.date.issued	2015
dc.identifier.uri	https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/7391	-
dc.description.abstract	BACKGROUND: Serine/threonine kinase 33 (STK33) has been shown to be conserved across all major vertebrate classes including reptiles, mammals, amphibians and fish, suggesting its importance within vertebrates. It has been shown to phosphorylate vimentin and might play a role in spermatogenesis and organ ontogenesis. In this study we analyzed the genomic locus and expression of stk33 in the class Aves, using a combination of large scale next generation sequencing data analysis and traditional PCR. RESULTS: Within the subclass Palaeognathae we analyzed the white-throated tinamou (Tinamus guttatus), the African ostrich (Struthio camelus) and the emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae). For the African ostrich we were able to generate a 62,778 bp long genomic contig and an mRNA sequence that encodes a protein showing highly significant similarity to STK33 proteins from other vertebrates. The emu has been shown to encode and transcribe a functional STK33 as well. For the white-throated tinamou we were able to identify 13 exons by sequence comparison encoding a protein similar to STK33 as well. In contrast, in all 28 neognath birds analyzed, we could not find evidence for the existence of a functional copy of stk33 or its expression. In the genomes of these 28 bird species, we found only remnants of the stk33 locus carrying several large genomic deletions, leading to the loss of multiple exons. The remaining exons have acquired various indels and premature stop codons. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to elucidate and describe the genomic structure and the transcription of a functional stk33 gene within the subclass Palaeognathae, but we could only find degenerate remnants of stk33 in all neognath birds analyzed. This led us to the conclusion that stk33 became a unitary pseudogene in the evolutionary history of the class Aves at the paleognath-neognath branch point during the late cretaceous period about 100 million years ago. We hypothesize that the pseudogenization of stk33 might have become fixed in neognaths due to either genetic redundancy or a non-orthologous gene displacement and present potential candidate genes for such an incident.	en_GB
dc.description.sponsorship	DFG, Open Access-Publizieren Universität Mainz / Universitätsmedizin	de
dc.language.iso	eng	de
dc.rights	CC BY	*
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	*
dc.subject.ddc	570 Biowissenschaften	de_DE
dc.subject.ddc	570 Life sciences	en_GB
dc.title	The serine/threonine kinase 33 is present and expressed in palaeognath birds but has become a unitary pseudogene in neognaths about 100 million years ago	en_GB
dc.type	Zeitschriftenaufsatz	de
dc.identifier.doi	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-7377	-
jgu.type.dinitype	article	en_GB
jgu.type.version	Published version	de
jgu.type.resource	Text	de
jgu.organisation.department	FB 10 Biologie	de
jgu.organisation.number	7970	-
jgu.organisation.name	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz	-
jgu.rights.accessrights	openAccess	-
jgu.journal.title	BMC genomics	de
jgu.journal.volume	16	de
jgu.pages.alternative	Art. 543	de
jgu.publisher.year	2015	-
jgu.publisher.name	BioMed central	de
jgu.publisher.place	London	de
jgu.publisher.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1769-9	de
jgu.publisher.issn	1471-2164	de
jgu.organisation.place	Mainz	-
jgu.identifier.pmid	26199010
jgu.subject.ddccode	570	de
opus.date.modified	2018-09-05T09:09:56Z
opus.subject.dfgcode	00-000
opus.organisation.string	FB 10: Biologie: Institut für Molekulargenetik, Gentechnologische Sicherheitsforschung und Beratung	de_DE
opus.identifier.opusid	51956
opus.importsource	pubmed
opus.institute.number	1006
opus.metadataonly	false
opus.type.contenttype	Keine	de_DE
opus.type.contenttype	None	en_EN
opus.affiliated	Lautwein, Tobias
opus.affiliated	Schmidt, Erwin Robert
jgu.publisher.doi	10.1186/s12864-015-1769-9	de
jgu.organisation.ror	https://ror.org/023b0x485
Appears in collections:	DFG-OA-Publizieren (2012 - 2017)

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