Gutenberg Open Science: Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in spring 2020

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-8835

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DC Field	Value	Language
dc.contributor.author	Tomsche, Laura	-
dc.contributor.author	Marsing, Andreas	-
dc.contributor.author	Jurkat-Witschas, Tina	-
dc.contributor.author	Lucke, Johannes	-
dc.contributor.author	Kaufmann, Stefan	-
dc.contributor.author	Kaiser, Katharina	-
dc.contributor.author	Schneider, Johannes	-
dc.contributor.author	Scheibe, Monika	-
dc.contributor.author	Schlager, Hans	-
dc.contributor.author	Röder, Lenard	-
dc.contributor.author	Fischer, Horst	-
dc.contributor.author	Obersteiner, Florian	-
dc.contributor.author	Zahn, Andreas	-
dc.contributor.author	Zöger, Martin	-
dc.contributor.author	Lelieveld, Jos	-
dc.contributor.author	Voigt, Christiane	-
dc.date.accessioned	2023-04-13T08:50:44Z	-
dc.date.available	2023-04-13T08:50:44Z	-
dc.date.issued	2022	-
dc.identifier.uri	https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/8851	-
dc.description.abstract	Sulfur compounds in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) impact the atmosphere radiation budget, either directly as particles or indirectly as precursor gas for new particle formation. In situ measurements in the UTLS are rare but are important to better understand the impact of the sulfur budget on climate. The BLUESKY mission in May and June 2020 explored an unprecedented situation. (1) The UTLS experienced extraordinary dry conditions in spring 2020 over Europe, in comparison to previous years, and (2) the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic caused major emission reductions from industry, ground, and airborne transportation. With the two research aircraft HALO and Falcon, 20 flights were conducted over central Europe and the North Atlantic to investigate the atmospheric composition with respect to trace gases, aerosol, and clouds. Here, we focus on measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and particulate sulfate (SO2􀀀4 ) in the altitude range of 8 to 14.5 km which show unexpectedly enhanced mixing ratios of SO2 in the upper troposphere and of SO2􀀀4 in the lowermost stratosphere. In the UT, we find SO2 mixing ratios of (0:07 0:01) ppb, caused by the remaining air traffic, and reduced SO2 sinks due to low OH and low cloud fractions and to a minor extent by uplift from boundary layer sources. Particulate sulfate showed elevated mixing ratios of up to 0.33 ppb in the LS. We suggest that the eruption of the volcano Raikoke in June 2019, which emitted about 1 Tg SO2 into the stratosphere in northern idlatitudes, caused these enhancements, in addition to Siberian and Canadian wildfires and other minor volcanic eruptions. Our measurements can help to test models and lead to new insights in the distribution of sulfur compounds in the UTLS, their sources, and sinks. Moreover, these results can contribute to improving simulations of the radiation budget in the UTLS with respect to sulfur effects.	en_GB
dc.language.iso	eng	de
dc.rights	CC BY	*
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	*
dc.subject.ddc	540 Chemie	de_DE
dc.subject.ddc	540 Chemistry and allied sciences	en_GB
dc.subject.ddc	550 Geowissenschaften	de_DE
dc.subject.ddc	550 Earth sciences	en_GB
dc.subject.ddc	624 Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik	de_DE
dc.subject.ddc	624 Civil engineering	en_GB
dc.subject.ddc	660 Technische Chemie	de_DE
dc.subject.ddc	660 Chemical engineering	en_GB
dc.title	Enhanced sulfur in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in spring 2020	en_GB
dc.type	Zeitschriftenaufsatz	de
dc.identifier.doi	http://doi.org/10.25358/openscience-8835	-
jgu.type.contenttype	Scientific article	de
jgu.type.dinitype	article	en_GB
jgu.type.version	Published version	de
jgu.type.resource	Text	de
jgu.organisation.department	FB 09 Chemie, Pharmazie u. Geowissensch.	de
jgu.organisation.number	7950	-
jgu.organisation.name	Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz	-
jgu.rights.accessrights	openAccess	-
jgu.journal.title	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics	de
jgu.journal.volume	22	de
jgu.pages.start	15135	de
jgu.pages.end	15151	de
jgu.publisher.year	2022	-
jgu.publisher.name	Copernicus GmbH EGU	de
jgu.publisher.place	Katlenburg-Lindau	de
jgu.publisher.issn	1680-7375	de
jgu.organisation.place	Mainz	-
jgu.subject.ddccode	540	de
jgu.subject.ddccode	550	de
jgu.subject.ddccode	624	de
jgu.subject.ddccode	660	de
jgu.publisher.doi	10.5194/acp-22-15135-2022	de
jgu.organisation.ror	https://ror.org/023b0x485	-
jgu.subject.dfg	Naturwissenschaften	de
Appears in collections:	DFG-491381577-G

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