Gutenberg Open Science

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ZeitschriftenaufsatzAccess status: Open Access ,
Development and use of a lightweight sampling system for height-selective UAV-based measurements of organic aerosol particles
(2025) Borchers, Christine; Moormann, Lasse; Geil, Bastien; Karbach, Niklas; Wasserzier, David; Hoffmann, Thorsten
Organic aerosols (OAs) are introduced into the atmosphere from a variety of natural and anthropogenic sources. Especially in the submicrometer range, the organic fraction contributes to a large proportion of the particle mass and thus has an impact on climate and air quality. To gain insights into sources and sinks and the significance of dispersion, mixing, and aging processes for OA, vertical profiling of the concentration of organic aerosols is particularly helpful. Therefore, the aim of this study is to present an aerosol particle sampler that is suitable to be used on board uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs). The sampler consists of a three-dimensionally printed filter holder connected to a lightweight high-performance pump that can generate a flow rate of up to 103 slpm for up to 30 min. The sampler was characterized and applied on a proof-of-concept study during the BISTUM23 campaign in August 2023 in Southern Germany. Vertical profiles were measured with three samplers mounted on ground and UAVs and collected aerosol particles at an altitude of 1.5, 120, and 500 m above ground level simultaneously. The filters were analyzed with UHPLC-HRMS, and a targeted approach was used to determine vertical profiles and diurnal trends of biogenic, anthropogenic, and biomass burning marker compounds. A non-targeted analysis revealed a high number of CHO-containing compounds, which were oxidized to a greater extent during the course of the day and at increasing altitudes. The system presented here provides a comparatively simple and cost-effective way to sample OA at different altitudes and at different locations and thus obtain vertical concentration profiles of the organic aerosol composition.
ZeitschriftenaufsatzAccess status: Open Access ,
Prevalence of strabismus, nystagmus and risk factors in children and adolescents born preterm with and without retinopathy of prematurity : results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Study Young
(2025) Fieß, Achim; Gißler, Sandra; Hartmann, Alica; Mildenberger, Eva; Elflein, Heike M.; Hahad, Omar; Pfeiffer, Norbert; Grabitz, Stephanie D.; Schuster, Alexander K.
Aims: This study assessed the prevalence of strabismus, nystagmus and their risk factors in children born preterm, stratified by gestational age (GA), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and ROP treatment. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study with a prospective follow-up in a large cohort of children born preterm and full-term aged 4–17 years. Multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed associations of strabismus and nystagmus with perinatal parameters. Participants were divided into the following groups: controls born at term (GA ≥37 weeks, group 1), children born preterm without ROP and GA 33–36 weeks (group 2), GA 29–32 weeks (group 3), GA ≤28 weeks (group 4), GA ≤32 weeks with untreated ROP (group 5) and GA ≤32 weeks with treated ROP (group 6). Results: 949 children (11.21±3.92 years, 495 females) were included. Strabismus was observed in 6% of children in group 1, 10% in group 2, 12% in group 3, 23% in group 4, 20% in group 5 and 68% in group 6. Nystagmus was observed in 0.8%, 0.4%, 1.8%, 2.6%, 5.0% and 47% in the respective groups. Strabismus was associated with earlier GA (OR=1.08; p=0.01), astigmatism (OR=2.48; p=0.02) and hypermetropia (OR=2.09; p=0.04). Esotropia was associated with weeks of prematurity (OR=1.11; p=0.02), anisometropia (OR=3.09; p=0.02) and hypermetropia (OR=4.17; p<0.001). Nystagmus was associated with ROP (OR=7.49; p=0.03), anisometropia (OR=5.17; p=0.04) and myopia (OR=11.09; p<0.001). Conclusions: Strabismus in children is linked to preterm birth and refractive error, while nystagmus is more prevalent in children with ROP and children with refractive errors.
ZeitschriftenaufsatzAccess status: Open Access ,
Language biographical schemas, response modalities and L2-strategies : a sociolinguistic approach to language biographies
(2025) Holzer, Johanna
In the context of sociolinguistic approaches to migration and multilingualism, language biographies have gained increasing prominence, particularly over the past fifteen years. Their significance in the field of migration linguistics lies, among other aspects, in their openness – both as a research method and as a research subject. This article addresses the question of how to appropriately evaluate language biographical data, a topic that has received relatively little scholarly attention to date. The proposed evaluation criteria focus on both content-related units of analysis (language biographical schemas) and linguistic units of analysis (L2 strategies, response modalities). In this context, language biographical interviews with young refugees from Afghanistan, Iran, and Syria serve as the empirical data source.